The cylinder of a diesel generator set is a cylindrical space used to guide the piston to reciprocate. The inner wall of the cylinder, the top of the piston and the bottom surface of the cylinder head form a combustion chamber, and the surface of the combustion chamber is alternately in contact with high temperature, high pressure gas and relatively low temperature fresh air during operation. Due to the influence of gas pressure and temperature, combined with the high-speed movement of the piston relative to the inner wall of the cylinder and the effect of side pressure, the surface of the cylinder is worn. When the cylinder wall is worn to a certain extent, the seal between the piston ring and the cylinder wall will lose, and a large amount of gas will leak into the crankcase, which will deteriorate the performance of the diesel engine, and the oil is also prone to deterioration. Therefore, the material, machining accuracy and surface roughness of the cylinder have higher requirements. Usually the overhaul period of diesel engines is determined by the wear of the cylinder wall.
In order to improve the strength and wear resistance of the cylinder, facilitate maintenance and reduce costs, usually better alloy materials are used to make the cylinder into a separate cylinder liner inserted into the cylinder block. Generally, cylinder liners are made of wear-resistant alloy cast iron, such as high-phosphorus cast iron, boron-containing cast iron, ductile iron or austenitic cast iron. In order to improve the wear resistance of the cylinder liner, some cylinder liners are still subjected to surface quenching, porous chromium plating, nitriding treatment or molybdenum spraying.
Commonly used cylinder liners can be divided into dry type and wet type.
The dry cylinder liner is a thin-walled cylinder with a wall thickness of 1~3mm. Its characteristic is that the outer surface of the cylinder liner does not directly contact the cooling water. The advantage of using dry cylinder liners is that the rigidity of the body is better, and there is no cooling water sealing problem; the disadvantage is that the heat dissipation conditions of the cylinder liner are not as good as that of the wet cylinder liner, the processing surface is increased, the cost is high, and the disassembly is difficult.
The wet cylinder liner is a cylinder with a wall thickness of 5-9mm, and its outer wall is in direct contact with the cooling water. The advantages are convenient assembly and disassembly, reliable cooling and easy processing. Most diesel engines use wet cylinder liners. The disadvantage is that the rigidity of the body is poor and the possibility of water leakage is relatively high.
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